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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_calendar
“The Chinese calendar is a lunisolar calendar, incorporating elements of a lunar calendar with those of a solar calendar. It is not exclusive to China, but followed by many other Asian cultures. [1] In most of East Asia today, the Gregorian calendar is used for day-to-day activities, but the Chinese calendar is still used for marking traditional East Asian holidays such as the Chinese New Year (the Spring Festival (春節)), the Duan Wu festival, and the Mid-Autumn Festival, and in astrology, such as choosing the most auspicious date for a wedding or the opening of a building. Because each month follows one cycle of the moon, it is also used to determine the phases of the moon.”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar
“The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar or Hijri calendar (Arabic: التقويم الهجري; at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری taqwīm-e hejri-ye qamari; Kurdish: Salnameya Hicrî; Turkish: Hicri Takvim; Urdu: اسلامی تقویم Islami taqwīm; Indonesian: Kalender Hijriah; Malay: Takwim Hijrah) is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used to date events in many Muslim countries (concurrently with the Gregorian calendar), and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Islamic holy days and festivals. The first year was the year during which the emigration of the Islamic prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, known as the Hijra, occurred. Each numbered year is designated either H for Hijra or AH for the Latin anno Hegirae (in the year of the Hijra).[1] A limited number of years before Hijra (BH) are used to date events related to Islam, such as the birth of Muhammad in 53 BH.[2] The current Islamic year is 1432 AH, from approximately 7 December 2010 (evening) to 26 November 2011 (evening).
Being a purely lunar calendar, it is not synchronized with the seasons. With an annual drift of 11 or 12 days, the seasonal relation repeats about every 33 Islamic years.”
So someone looking from the “Gregorian” point of view would say, this is ridiculous, every year the dates are drifting, there is no seasonal cohesion, this is primitive, based on simple sightings, why, look at how accurate our Gregorian calendar is! Every year the holidays are the same! How unscientific… look at how Solar we are!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Kahf
“And they remained in their cave for three hundred years and exceeded by nine.”
“The Muslim calendar is based upon the moon, which revolves around the earth in periods of about 29 days. The Islamic calendar was established by the second Caliph Omar in 639 AD to begin with the new moon of the first Arabic month (Muharram) of the year in which the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Madinah took place. That first day was 16 June 622 of the Julian calendar.
Nearly fourteen centuries ago, the Quran was revealed to the Arabs in the deserts of the Arabian Peninsula, who were used to the lunar system. It was correct to address them in the only language they could understand and not to upset their habits. It is known how well versed men living in the desert are in the observation of the sky; they navigated according to the stars, and told time according to the motion of the sun and the moon. This was the simplest and the most reliable system available for them.
Most people are unaware of the perfect correlation between the Julian and the lunar calendar: 235 lunar months corresponds exactly to 19 Julian years of 365 1/4 days, (228 months). The length of our year of 365 days is not perfect because it has to be rectified every four years (with a leap year). With the lunar calendar, the same phenomena occur every 19 Julian years. The Quran refers to this relationship between the lunar and the Julian systems as follows:
Surah 18, Ayah 25 “So they stayed in their cave three hundred years, and nine (more)”
The literal translation of the above Ayah replaces “and nine” by “increased by nine.” This suggests that one has to be careful about each word or letter in the Quran. The latest calculation of the lunar month is 29.53059 days. Therefore, the lunar year is 12 x 29.53059 = 354.36708 days. This means that 300 Julian year (300×365.25= 109575 days) is equivalent to 309 lunar years (354.36708×309= 109499.43). This is a miraculous accuracy. Therefore the above Ayah can be explained as “So they stayed in their cave three hundred solar years, and increased by nine lunar years”. This is just an amazing revelation from the Creator of time. Only Allah knows the exact time of any event in any reference of time.
Surah 18, Ayah 26 “Say: Allah knows best how long they stayed”
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